A number of recent studies have focused on the growing need to produce minerals to meet the challenge of shifting away from fossil fuels to a decarbonized society. It is widely agreed, that the world will need to mine and produce more minerals such as copper, nickel and zinc are critical for enabling the global transition to low-carbon infrastructure, but with that increased production comes increased energy consumption by the mining industry which is currently estimated to be 3.5 percent of the global energy use.

A new report, commissioned by the Weir Group plc, analyses mine energy data from more than 40 published studies to give a comprehensive understanding of where energy is consumed in mining and minerals processing. The report finds that the global mining industry must move away from legacy systems and processes if it is to meet the challenge of decarbonisation. The report identifies ways the industry can aid the transition to net zero emissions needed to limit temperatures in line with the Paris Agreement.

The report suggests there are technologies available today that could make a significant difference to this trend. For example, it highlights that comminution – i.e. crushing and grinding processes – is the single biggest user of energy at mine sites, typically accounting for 25 percent of mining’s final energy consumption. This is equivalent to the power used by 221 million typical UK homes, or about 1 percent of total consumption globally. Comminution is therefore a natural target for the most impactful energy savings opportunities.

“The mining industry is central to economic development globally, with critical minerals enabling the low-carbon transition required in the rest of the economy. But the environment in which it will operate in future will be very different from the past, requiring comprehensive change and investment,” Weir Group Chief Executive Jon Stanton said. “In short: mining needs to become more sustainable and efficient if it is to provide essential resources the world needs for decarbonisation while reducing its own environmental impact.This report is an important contribution to that debate which we hope will spark thoughtful conversations around the world on the way forward.”

Small improvements in comminution technologies can lead to relatively large savings in both energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. For example, a 5 percent incremental improvement in energy efficiency across comminution could result in greenhouse gas emissions reductions of more than 30 Mt (33 million st) of CO2-e. The replacement of traditional comminution equipment with new grinding technology also reduces indirect emissions in the mining value chain, for example by removing the need for the manufacture of emission-intensive steel grinding balls.

Of the remaining energy consumption by the mining industry, diesel in varied forms of mobile equipment accounts for 46 percent, electricity in mining (ventilation) 15 percent and “other electricity” 14 percent.

“This report highlights both a challenge and an opportunity to revitalize cross-industry discussion and actions on decarbonisation and ESG solutions,” Alison Keogh, Chief Executive of the Coalition for Energy Efficient Comminution, said. “We invite industry leaders to actively contribute and collaborate through mining-vendor-research partnerships and share knowledge. Together, we can accelerate improved energy, emissions and water footprint across industry faster.”

Other significant opportunities identified by the report for reducing mining’s energy consumption include optimisation, big data and artificial intelligence. In addition, if zero emissions energy sources are deployed for mining equipment – e.g., renewable energy, energy storage and alternative fuels – then the industry may well be able to achieve zero emissions, leaving a relatively small role for offsets and carbon credits to play.

The report comes as the mining industry is under ever-greater pressure to produce essential minerals that
support some of the biggest global structural trends, from population growth to urbanisation and decarbonisation. Copper, nickel, steel and lithium are core components of electricity transmission and storage, electric vehicles and renewable energy infrastructure. The move to a decarbonised economy will result in increased primary consumption of these mined commodities, even after factoring for recycling, so it is important that mining itself becomes more sustainable.

Download the independent Mining Energy Consumption 2021 report here: www.energysavingsinmining.com