Tunnel overbreak prediction: An integrated approach using 3D photogrammetry and machine learning

In civil and mining engineering applications, predicting overbreak is crucial to optimize excavation processes and ensure safety. This study presents a comprehensive exploration of overbreak prediction-based 3D photogrammetry utilizing advanced analytical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA), maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) and machine learning (ML) regression models, enh...