The future lies in mining…Want to be a force for change? Be a mining engineer.

The facts are clear. For a career that is both personally and socially rewarding, becoming an engineer in the mining, geological and metallurgical fields is one of the best options for a student today. The benefits start on campus with myriad opportunities for internships and scholarships. At a 2023 career fair at the University of Utah, for example, companies including Freeport-McMoRan, Komatsu and Rio Tinto were recruiting for more than 300 internship openings available in the summer of 2024. Upon graduation, students choose from a spectrum of career paths and options to work internationally or across the United States. Graduates can look forward to rapid career advancement as a retiring workforce makes way for the next generation, along with enviable job prospects, security and compensation. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual pay for mining and geological engineers in 2022 was $97,490. In the workplace, mining engineers work with sophisticated technology and cutting-edge concepts. In an age of green transition, they are essential in society to produce the critical minerals and materials needed for clean energy technologies such as solar panels, wind turbines and electric vehicles. On Sept. 6, 2023 the U.S. Department of Energy announced up to $150 million in funding to advance cost-effective and environmentally responsible processes to produce and refine critical minerals and materials in the United States. Going beyond the rigors of work and career, Mining Engineering found an undefinable something that draws students into a lifelong passion as they take the journey into the mining and minerals profession, with references to a close-knit community and camaraderie frequently coming up in the student feedback. Parts 1-3 of the SME Feature Series on U.S. Mining Engineering Schools appeared in January, July and September. The series concludes this month with The University of Arizona, University of Alaska Fairbanks, University of Nevada, Reno and New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, completing 14 mining and mineral engineering U.S. ABET-accredited universities. The University of Arizona The University of Arizona (UArizona), established in 1885, is located in Tucson, AZ, an area that has become known as the “Silicon Valley of Mining.” Surrounded by four of the five largest copper mines in the United States, numerous mining technology companies and top mineral research institutions, the region has rightfully earned its nickname. With a highly ranked Department of Mining & Geological Engineering and an interdisciplinary School of Mining & Mineral Resources, staffed by award-winning faculty, the university is uniquely positioned to create real-world impact in responsible mining. The Department of Mining & Geological Engineering offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees on campus as well as an M.E. degree that is available both on campus and online. The San Xavier Mining Laboratory provides students with hands-on experience in contemporary and historic underground mining environments, access to modern mining equipment and involvement in the mining process. The School of Mining & Mineral Resources brings together unparalleled depth and breadth of mining disciplines, offering a teaching and research environment as rich and complex as the modern mining industry itself. Coupled with proximity to world-class operating mines, ore deposits, and leaders in mining and mineral resource technology, UArizona is reimagining mining and mineral resource education to meet future challenges by preparing the next generation of mining professionals to break boundaries, work across disciplines and solve real-world problems. Misael Cabrera Kray Luxbacher Q&A: Kray Luxbacher, Gregory H. and Lisa S. Boyce Leadership Chair and Department Head, Mining & Geological Engineering and Misael Cabrera, David and Edith Lowell Chair and Director, School of Mining & Mineral Resources What are the mining-related degree programs offered by The University of Arizona, and what are some of the subdisciplines? The University of Arizona has been a global leader in mining education since it was founded, with a nationally ranked mining engineering program (with subdisciplines in mine operations, geomechanics, sustainable resource development and mineral processing) and a complete ecosystem of mining disciplines, including programs in geosciences, economic geology, hydrology, business, social sciences and more. Through the School of Mining & Mineral Resources, we also offer a minor in sustainable mineral resources, which helps students of any major explore career opportunities in natural resource development by offering seven different tracks in a variety of disciplines that students can follow. What are the strengths of the UArizona programs? Tackling the challenges facing mining requires the collective effort of experts worldwide. We work with other campus units and seek input from industry, building a collaborative network where students and professionals help shape the future. Our inclusive model offers students, faculty and professionals from any discipline a chance to become a part of the solution to important societal problems, bringing a diverse perspective and transdisciplinary talent to the field. We also help our students navigate the many resources available to them and find their unique path in securing the world’s future through mining. We can help anyone find their path into this exciting and in-demand field. Our unique model connects students with top-tier resources and experts from across the industry, and we offer exclusive scholarships to make studies in mining and minerals accessible to all. Which industries do your graduates find careers in, and what are the career prospects? Many students take advantage of our close proximity to numerous mining, contracting and technology companies. Our mining engineering graduates find careers in a variety of industries, including metal and nonmetal mines, aggregates, construction, industrial minerals, mineral processing and technology companies. The mining industry offers a wide range of job opportunities, ensuring that our graduates can find roles that match their skills and interests. Our strong industry connections mean that students frequently secure internships during their studies, providing valuable hands-on experience and making them highly competitive in the job market. Our alumni network spans the globe, illustrating the extensive career prospects and opportunities worldwide available to our graduates. What are the current areas of research? We are engaged in a range of research areas that address critical challenges and advancements in the field. Some of our current active research areas include: sustainable mining practices, mineral processing and extractive metallurgy, mine safety and health, automation and robotics, geomechanics and rock mechanics, geospatial and remote sensing technologies, hydrogeology and water management, miner closure and reclamation, mining policy and economics, and lunar and space miningUArizona also houses the Geotechnical Center of Excellence and the Mining Safety Center of Excellence, both conducting research and developing leading-edge solutions for the industry. What are the future technology trends? As society progresses, we are witnessing a significant shift toward increased automation and the development of artificial intelligence. Each technological advancement requires a greater variety of minerals, driving the need for sustainable mining processes and technologies. Our global technological capabilities will continue to grow in this direction, necessitating innovative approaches to sustainability. As the demand for minerals rises, we will explore new ways to develop sustainable processes and materials to meet these demands. What advice would you give to students to get the most out of their time at UArizona? From internships and job opportunities to research projects and conferences, our students have countless opportunities to learn and make the most of their time at the university. Take time to dive into the great programs and opportunities we offer. Any other topics you wish to highlight? The Department of Mining and Geological Engineering also operates an underground mine, the San Xavier Mining Laboratory, which includes historic workings and a modern decline. This unique asset is a place where our award-winning teaching staff can take a hands-on approach to learning. It serves as a catalyst for research and collaboration with industry and is an excellent venue for outreach to students and community members. It not only advances the industry but also enhances the academic experience, preparing students to tackle the challenges of modern mining. Katie Slaughter B.S. in Mining Engineering and B.S. in Geoscience, 2023 Where are you working now; what is your role? Since graduating, I’ve been working at Komatsu as a mining application engineer. As an application engineer, I serve as a liaison between internal and external customers to support machine selection, design, sales and performance benchmarking analysis around the globe. How has your time at UArizona contributed to your personal growth? While in school I was able to explore a wide range of activities and join multiple communities. Some were related to mining, like our SME Student Chapter, and others were unrelated, like my sorority. Additionally, I realized my love for the outdoors and hiking. Going to a big school enabled me to explore a wide variety of interests that allowed me to grow as a person and take much-needed breaks from difficult engineering classes. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? It is hard to identify what I will be doing in the future, as I love my job now and am open to changes as they come along, but I do feel prepared for anything. My degrees prepared me well for work as a mining application engineer and my extracurriculars enhanced the interpersonal skills necessary for many of the customer studies I need to complete. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Get involved in the industry as soon as possible. Talk to your professors, get involved in research, secure an internship, and/or join mining student clubs like SME student chapters. This is a career path that appears niche until you realize just how many opportunities are available to you. Identifying your interests and mentors will help subside any fears you’ll have when it’s time to secure a job. Most importantly, don’t forget to join other clubs and activities outside of mining while you are in college. This is one of the best ways to build up other soft skills and ensure that you have fun and make the most of your time in college. Alexis Rylaarsdam Graduating in May 2025, B.S. in Mining Engineering with a Minor in Sustainable Mineral Resources How has your time at UArizona contributed to your personal growth? Despite UArizona being a big school, I feel highly connected to every department I am involved in. I have been able to get involved in so many different organizations on campus, both within the mining department and outside of it. At the university, we have strong student chapters for SME, WIM and NSSGA. I have been a proud member of these organizations and have had the privilege to serve on the board for our SME Student Chapter. These organizations allow students to connect with each other and the mining industry in a more personable way. It has been incredibly rewarding taking part in these organizations. UArizona professors are there to help every student succeed. I have been able to connect on a personal level with all of my professors and grow in their classes. Also, the community at UArizona, especially in the mining department, is close-knit and want to support each other. We want to see each other succeed, and in that environment, I have been able to grow and become the type of engineer I want to be in the future. In what way do you see your using in the future what you have learned? The professors at UArizona are at the top of their field. They are knowledgeable and want to share that knowledge. Not only are we encouraged to engage with the material in classes, but students also have the opportunity to see these concepts applied in real time. We often have the opportunity to go on class field trips to the numerous large mines in the area. Each year, our department allows students to travel to a different state. This past school year I was able to travel to Utah and see the different mines there. I learned so much from seeing a variety of mines. We also have our own student mine, San Xavier. It was at San Xavier that I was able to see my very first blast, which is something I’ll never forget. My professors are also excited to embrace innovations in the mining industry and teach those innovations to students. In class, we consistently talk about autonomous technology and its applications. One of the projects I did as a part of a class was related to autonomous technology. Talking about that project in an interview helped me secure an internship with Caterpillar in their autonomous space.I have also had the opportunity to develop interpersonal skills through the various projects that we have in class. These are important in whatever I end up doing in the future. These soft skills are what make a great leader, team member and engineer. I’m grateful I have had the chance to develop these skills at UArizona. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Be open to every opportunity that crosses your path. There is an infinite number of opportunities and paths for anyone interested in a career in mining. You just have to be willing to take the leap. Since declaring mining engineering, I have been lucky to have had many incredible adventures. from meeting new people to traveling across the country. I would definitely recommend it to anyone who is even slightly interested. Greatness Ojum Graduating in May 2025, B.S. in Mining and Geological Engineering with a Geotechnical focus How has your time at UArizona contributed to your personal growth? The mining department has been so supportive of both my personal and professional growth. I took advantage of the numerous career opportunities granted to me throughout my time here but as I am human, I can get weary. Having resources in both people, like department academic advisor Thelma Magallanes, and talks from industry professionals through the Women in Mining (WIM) Student Chapter about work/life balance has served me intensely, and I am sure will continue my entire career. The sense of community is alive and vibrant, allowing me to have a support system that encourages my personal growth. In what way do you see your using in the future what you have learned? Outside of the academic space, I have learned both leadership and interpersonal skills. With that, I see myself getting involved in the technical as well as the social aspects of mining. Especially, my association with WIM has opened many doors that will lead to amazing opportunities. Within the academic space, I have been fortunate to not only learn from my well-rounded professors but from my peers who have worked in industry through internships, which has given me perspective and the right mindset to be successful in my career. I have also had the amazing opportunity of working with the Geotechnical Center of Excellence since my freshman year. So, I see myself taking on a geotechnical-focused role in industry. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Grow your network. Go to your professor’s office hours, learn the class content and talk to them about their career. Go to networking events, practice your communication skills, both verbal and written. Apply for that internship, that research position. Put yourself out there because the industry needs you. You got this! Above all, make sure you learn to balance all your commitments and learn your work/life boundaries. Miguel Pugmire B.Sc. and M.Eng. in Mining Engineering, 2018 and B.Sc in Business Administration, 2018 Where are you working now; what is your role? I live in Salt Lake City, UT and am a senior mining engineer working for Rio Tinto Kennecott and. My current role is as a strategic planning engineer tasked with getting our next pushback (Apex) through NTP (notice-to-proceed) to our Rio Tinto executive board. How has your time at UArizona contributed to your personal growth? Studying at UArizona has opened many doors for me and given me lifelong memories and friendships that I will cherish forever. I have great relationships with many of my former classmates, both in the mining department and Eller. We stay in touch quite often. My experience just goes to show how tightknit the culture is at the UArizona. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? Being a dual-degree graduate in mining engineering and business administration, the skills I learned at the UArizona are coming together in my current role as a strategic planning engineer. While I’m still mine planning, I’m looking at the life-of-mine of Kennecott from a high level to maximize the value stream (mine, concentrator, smelter/refinery and tailings) of the business. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? The mining industry is a small world, the people you meet in this industry you will see again down the road. I would highly recommend joining the SME Student Chapter. My involvement in the chapter expanded my networking horizons because I got to meet and engage with many industry leaders. Those engagements provided me with multiple job offers as I was getting ready to graduate. Since graduating six years ago, I have had the pleasure to still stay in touch with many industry professionals and leaders. University of Alaska Fairbanks The University of Alaska (UA) system consists of three universities: University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), University of Alaska Anchorage (UAA) and University of Alaska Southeast (UAS). The university system was founded as the Alaska Agricultural College and School of Mines in Fairbanks in 1917. Mining engineering was one of the founding fields of study. The mining engineering program is housed in the Department of Mining and Mineral Engineering in the College of Engineering and Mines (CEM). As the northernmost accredited mining engineering program in the United States, UAF currently offers a four-year, 124-credit-hour bachelor of science program in mining engineering administered by the CEM. The mining engineering program at UAF was first accredited in 1941. Over the years, graduates of the program have been instrumental in the development of Alaska’s natural resources, including gold, lead, zinc, oil, gas, coal and many other major minerals. UAF graduates have been employed as engineers in all the major mines in Alaska, including the Coeur Kensington Mine, Red Dog Mine, Greens Creek Mine, Fort Knox Mine, Pogo Mine and Usibelli Coal Mine. Many of the program’s graduates are employed as engineers in the petroleum industry and construction industry, and in government agencies. UAF graduates also work in mining companies and engineering firms in the Lower 48, and some have become managers and administrators in state and federal governments as well as in major corporations worldwide. The Mineral Industry Research Laboratory (MIRL), established in 1963, complements the program. UAF also owns a world-class training mine, the Delta Mine Training Center (DMTC) in Delta Junction, AK. The Delta Mine Training Center (https://uaf.edu/mapts/) features an underground mine, rock and gravel quarries, 100 acres of training area, and equipment and machinery necessary for modern mining and construction training. Tathagata Ghosh Q&A with Tathagata Ghosh, Ph.D., Associate Professor and Chair of Mining and Mineral Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Mines, and Director of Mineral Industry Research Laboratory (MIRL) What are the mining-related degree programs offered by the University of Alaska Fairbanks, and what are some of the subdisciplines? The University of Alaska Fairbanks offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in mining engineering and geological engineering. The geological engineering program is part of the Civil Engineering Department at the College of Engineering and Mines. What are the strengths of UAF programs? The UAF mining program is hands-on and hard rock focused. Our main expertise lies in mining in the Arctic and similar cold-climate regions. Students are encouraged to do internships from their freshman year and participate in Alaska Miners Association and SME conferences. UAF’s mining program boasts the highest number of scholarships in the entire university system with an average of $6,000 received by students each year. Additionally, our graduate program is endowed by a $4.2 million grant from Sumitomo and Fort Knox. UAF Mining boasts a stellar placement record with all of our graduates receiving multiple offers. We also have extensive labs and a world-class training mine for a great student experience. Which industries do your graduates find careers in, and what are the career prospects? Our graduates have been employed as engineers in all the major mines in Alaska, including the Coeur Kensington Mine, Red Dog Mine, Greens Creek Mine, Fort Knox Mine, Pogo Mine and Usibelli Coal Mine. Many of the program’s graduates are employed as engineers in the petroleum industry and construction industry, and in government agencies such as the Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Our graduates also work in mining companies and engineering firms in the Lower 48, and some have become managers and administrators in state and federal governments as well as in major corporations worldwide. The career prospects are not limited to Alaska or the United States; our graduates have found gainful employment in large multinational companies such as Rio Tinto, with one of our alumni becoming the chief executive officer of Rio Tinto previously. What are the current areas of research? UAF mining faculty are engaged in many areas of research. The current projects are mainly related to critical minerals and rare earth elements (REEs). UAF is one of 13 CORE-CM centers funded by the Department of Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (DOE-NETL) to investigate the potential of REEs and other critical minerals in Alaska. Our faculty are also investigating innovative leaching techniques using supercritical fluids. Other areas of active research include computational fluid dynamics applications in solving Alaska’s unique challenges in mine ventilation, especially dealing with temperature inversion phenomenon and permafrost. What are the future technology trends? Technology is evolving at a much faster rate. The use of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) is increasing and will change the technology landscape significantly in the future. From the use of automated dumper trucks to drones, the concept of mine safety is also evolving. Technological innovation will transform the mining industry in the near future, and our students are at the forefront of it. Advanced machine learning techniques and use of augmented reality/virtual reality (AR/VR) has revolutionized training and visualization. As technology evolves, more ore deposits will become accessible and technologically feasible in the Arctic and extreme-cold regions. New concepts such as Vermeer Surface Miner and mining in permafrost will reshape the industry in the future. What advice would you give to students to get the most out of their time at UAF? I would advise them to make the most of their time at UAF by engaging in the many learning and professional development opportunities provided by our department. Be part of the SME Student Club and engage with the industry from your freshman year. Get involved with the Alaska Miners Association and SME to network with mining professionals and companies, and build a strong foundation. We encourage extracurricular activities and participation in national competitions. Seek mentorship and stay current with industry developments, balancing academics with extracurricular activities. The program prepares students for employment in the mineral and energy sectors. Therefore, current students can rest assured, knowing that the program will stay focused on imparting employable skills. Additionally, the program will help them develop two key attributes, professionalism and lifelong learning, that are valuable regardless of the profession they eventually choose. Any other topics you wish to highlight? UAF is renowned for its Arctic research, Alaska Native and Indigenous programs, entrepreneurship, workforce development, and hands-on, personalized learning. UAF provides a world-class, inclusive experience, energized by innovative research, community engagement, student-centered teaching and creative expression. There are places in this world where you are destined to discover who you truly are. Here at UAF, as wisdom passes from one generation to the next, revolutionary ideas are thriving, and a new academic culture is taking shape. Smarter questions. Better answers. With undergraduates making up 89 percent of the total student body, UAF is a hotbed of diversity and fresh thinking. Whether you’re returning to school to start a new phase of your life or coming in as a recent high school graduate, you’ll quickly make new friends with a similar drive to achieve. And because our backyard is the vast environmental laboratory of Alaska, UAF attracts exceptional individuals — academic superstars and adventure-seekers alike. With seven campuses across the state, UAF is home to more than 8,500 students from all over the world, each in pursuit of something extraordinary. Whether you’re looking for a greater sense of purpose or a true sense of belonging, the UAF community lives authentically, believing that life is what you make of it, that knowledge is indeed power, and that a natural curiosity about the world around you will always be your best GPS. Jabel Atta Kwaw First year, Ph.D. in Mining and Mineral Engineering How has your time at UAF contributed to your personal growth? I am incredibly grateful for the opportunity to pursue my studies at UAF under the mentorship of Dr. Long Fan. Coming from a background in petroleum engineering, I am deeply committed to leveraging my knowledge and skills that I will learn from UAF to drive innovation in any company that I will be fortunate to work with and contribute positively to my community, which relies heavily on mining as its main source of income. The chance to immerse myself in UAF’s top-class teaching and research facilities, experience its rich multicultural environment, and benefit from the strong faculty-student relationship has been immensely rewarding. The opportunity to learn both the mechanism of mining and mineral engineering all under one umbrella makes UAF an ideal place for any student who wants to learn and explore facets of mining like me. I know at the end of my studies at UAF, I will be a well-rounded person in the field of mining and mineral engineering and actualize my dream of contributing to the development of mining in my community and the world. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? Studying at the UAF has been an enriching experience for me. Through my academic journey, I have honed my critical thinking skills, developed a strong aptitude for collaborative teamwork, and mastered the art of multitasking. My current research focuses on delving into various geological mediums to discover innovative solutions for hydrogen storage, aligning with the global push for sustainable renewable energy. Notably, the extreme and unpredictable Alaskan climate has been a remarkable teacher, instilling in me the virtues of resilience and adaptability, qualities that I am certain will play a pivotal role in navigating the challenges that lie ahead in both my personal and professional life. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? The mining industry presents a wealth of opportunities for individuals with diverse educational backgrounds and expertise. It serves as the cradle for a myriad of professions, ranging from engineering and geology to environmental science and sustainable development. By embarking on a career in mining, you can actively contribute to the advancement of your society and make a positive difference in environmental stewardship. Consider carefully selecting a career in mining as your future goal and play a critical role in driving the sustainability agenda forward, because “Mining is Joy.” Elizabed Angel Senior, degree in mining engineering How has your time at UAF contributed to your personal growth? Attending UAF has been an extraordinary experience. Through the SME UAF Student Chapter, I’ve had the opportunity to connect with numerous Alaskan mining professionals, connections I might not have made otherwise. Students are provided with excellent opportunities, such as visiting local mine sites and observing mining operations as early as our freshman year, to better connect classroom learning with real-world applications. We also benefit from presentations by mining professionals on a range of topics, allowing us to gain insights from diverse perspectives. The guidance and support from my advisor over the years has been unparalleled, and I am deeply grateful for his invaluable assistance. My time at UAF has not only shaped me into a resilient student ready to tackle any challenge but has also pushed me to become a student who takes pride in my work. I have been challenged to become a great leader, a driven individual and an open-minded engineer. In what way do you see your using in the future what you have learned? Alaska presents a unique environment compared to the rest of the United States. Its distinct geography, climate and cultural aspects set it apart, offering a distinctive experience that differs from other regions. Having this additional knowledge will allow me to view mining operations from a new perspective and enhance my decision-making skills. My professors have done an outstanding job illustrating the complexity of mining in Alaska while also emphasizing how, as engineers, we learn to create and maintain a safe working environment. I’ve learned that the key to a successful mine lies in the strong relationship between miners and engineers. I plan to showcase all my skills throughout my career and aspire to become an engineer who truly makes a difference. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Get engaged and make the most of your opportunities. The mining industry is incredibly supportive of students. SME Student Chapters are invaluable resources — leverage them to their fullest. When networking opportunities arise, take advantage of them. Connect with mining professionals, learn from their experiences, ask questions and seek their advice. Make a name for yourself, and don’t let intimidation hold you back. Your proactive involvement can shape your path to success. Remember, your advisor is there to guide you, so don’t hesitate to ask questions. Continuously expand your knowledge and avoid settling for the bare minimum. Keep pushing yourself to grow and improve. Simeon Ramirez Senior, bachelor’s degree in mining engineering How has your time at UAF contributed to your personal growth? UAF has provided many opportunities for leadership through our SME Student Chapter. The UAF has given me many opportunities for self-directed learning and growth that have provided me with skills that I have used during internships. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? I see myself using the skills I learned at UAF while pursuing a career in early mine development and mineral exploration. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? The future for mining is only going to get better as we make the green transition. If you want a job that can take you to the far reaches of the country and the globe, then mining engineering is for you. New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology In 1889, Socorro was a mining boom town: wild, raucous and, with a population of about 4,500, one of the largest towns in New Mexico. The Territorial Legislature, wanting to boost New Mexico’s economy, decided to create a School of Mines to train young mining engineers, and Socorro was the ideal location. The New Mexico School of Mines (NMSM) opened on Sept. 5, 1893, with one building, two professors and seven students. NMSM was established before New Mexico became a state. As the enrollment and number of degree programs increased, the college’s name was altered to New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in 1951. New Mexico Tech (NMT) is a STEM-focused university. In addition to B.S. degrees, all programs offer M.S. and Ph.D. degrees, except for one without a Ph.D. program. A few associate degrees are offered as well. The total student population is just over 1,500, with about 450 students in M.S. and Ph.D. programs. There are more than 130 full-time faculty members, giving a student-to-faculty ratio of about 11.5. The main campus is about 0.5 square miles. Adding the explosive research test area, its total footprint is close to 40 square miles. NMT is ranked high nationally: No. 20 out of 100 private and public colleges in the United States, the only public STEM-based college in the top 20, according to Forbes; No. 11 best Hispanic-serving and No. 29 best value college in America, according to NICHE; No. 1 when ignoring athletics, according to The New York Times. In the National Science Foundation rankings, it is No. 18 in the top 50 universities that produce Ph.D. students. In this ranking, NMT is the highest-ranked public institution. QS Top Universities ranked NMT’s mineral engineering program fourth in the United States and 32nd worldwide. Annual research and sponsored activity exceed $115 million. NMT runs more than 10 scientific and engineering research and testing centers on campus, including the Energetic Materials and Testing Center (one of the largest explosives and energetic material testing centers in the country), Langmuir Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, National Cave and Karst Research Institute, New Mexico State Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Petroleum Research and Recovery Center and Playas Research and Training Center. Q&A with Navid Mojtabai, Professor of Mineral Engineering, Chair, Department of Mineral Engineering What are the mining-related degree programs offered by New Mexico Tech, and what are some of the subdisciplines? Mineral engineering is the main mining-related program. It is a hybrid of mining and geological engineering. The mineral engineering program strongly focuses on mining, geomechanical and geotechnical engineering. The department offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. The Earth and Environmental Science department contains degree programs in geology, hydrology, geochemistry and geophysics, with B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. The Civil and Environmental Engineering program has close relations with the mineral engineering department in geotechnical engineering as well as some environmental issues. Both departments have shared courses, and their faculties collaborate in research. The Materials Engineering department has an option in metallurgical engineering and offers B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees. All the engineering programs are ABET accredited. What are the strengths of the NMT programs? Students in the mineral engineering program take advantage of the small classroom sizes and the close relationships with faculty members. The diversity of the disciplines in the program is unique and a significant strength. Students share upper-level courses with civil and environmental engineering students and geology students. In addition to all mining-related topics, the curriculum strongly focuses on geotechnical and geomechanical engineering and applied geology. Learning is not just focused on theory. Students are trained to be practical and pragmatic in problem-solving. They get significant exposure to hands-on and field experiences, and are encouraged to have internships and industrial experience. Which industries do your graduates find careers in, and what are the prospects? Most of our graduates enter the mining industry, particularly the hard-rock mining sector. Some have placed employment at coal operations. Because of the strong focus of our curriculum on geotechnical and geomechanical engineering, some graduates find jobs with geotechnical consulting companies. We have had a few who joined the Los Alamos and Sandia National Laboratories and some state agencies like the Department of Transportation, and the Environmental Department. The job placement for both undergraduate and graduate students has been 100 percent. What are the areas of research? The department is actively involved in many research projects in various disciplines and applications. These include geotechnical and geomechanical engineering mineral exploration; health and safety; artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML). The largest is a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-funded project. This is a multiteam project with the mechanical and electrical engineering departments. The study is on the application of unmanned vehicles and drones in underground mining. Another big project is a Department of Energy-funded study on rare earth elements and critical minerals. In geotechnical engineering, research is done on ground improvement, numerical modeling, and tailings dam design and stability. One M.S. and two Ph.D. students are doing research on tailings. In geomechanical engineering, students work on projects related to rock slope stability, numerical modeling of underground structures, advanced rock mechanics, and laboratory experimentation. Several of the projects are in collaboration with other universities. What are the future technology trends? Today, the main discussions are around AI/ML and sustainability. However, the main challenges for the mining industry are the general views and attitudes of the public toward the industry. As we continue exploiting the near-surface deposits, I see the future of mining will be primarily underground operations. Geomechanics and ground control will be critical issues. What advice would you give to students? My main advice is that they should continue learning, not just during the academic years but also in their professional lives. I let the students know that just because they have a degree in engineering, it doesn’t mean they know everything. They should understand that when they graduate, that is the time they realize how little they know and how much there is to learn and know. The main component of their education should be to learn how to learn. To be a sound engineer, besides knowing all the theories, students must learn to be practical and pragmatic in their design and decision-making process. Time management is a significant part of success in making good grades in classes. Any other topics you wish to highlight? NMT is a small university. Students are not just a number here. Students are very close to faculty, like a family, and yet the professional courtesies are followed carefully. NMT is among the top best-buy universities for education that students achieve at a low cost. Most mineral engineering classes are small; students and the instructor can sit at a round table and discuss different topics. Socorro is a small, very safe community, centrally located in New Mexico. People are kind and helpful, and the cost of living is relatively low. Mariam Koanda B.S. in Mineral Engineering, May 2024 Where are you working now; what is your role? After internships in Morenci and Sierrita in 2022 and 2023, upon graduation I took a full-time offer with Freeport-McMoRan at its Chino operations in Silver City, NM, as a mining engineer in the long-range department. My current role is focused on strategic planning, designing long-term mine plans, and conducting feasibility studies while collaborating with geologists, environmental engineers and other specialists to assess feasibility, cost estimation, risk assessment, and ensuring safety and environmental compliance to maximize project profitability and longevity. How has your time at NMT contributed to your personal growth? Transferring to NMT was one of the best decisions for my mining career. Coming from a place where mining was barely known, I found a small university in the middle of New Mexico known for raising successful leaders in the mining industry. NMT opened doors for me, connecting me with experienced professionals and experts who were passionate about their jobs. NMT provided opportunities for personal growth, leadership and teamwork. I explored my strengths through roles such as serving as president of the mining club, where I helped organize events, spoke to prospective students and attended conferences. One of the most remarkable aspects of NMT is its strong network and genuine commitment to students’ futures. These connections position students directly within the industry, enabling them to compete and be recognized on a larger scale. It led me to scholarships and awards, such as recognition from the New Mexico Society of Professional Engineers, Old Timers Club and National Association of Abandoned Mine Land Programs. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? I apply numerous concepts and skills I learned to design and work on projects effectively. The fundamental principles of geology, rock mechanics and mineral processing form the backbone of my daily work. Advanced mathematics and computer modeling skills are crucial for creating accurate simulations of mining operations and predicting potential challenges. My understanding of environmental impact assessment and sustainability practices helps me develop environmentally responsible mining strategies. Project management and teamwork skills prove invaluable when coordinating with multidisciplinary teams on complex mining projects. The research methodologies and critical thinking abilities allow me to approach problem-solving systematically and innovatively in the field. In the future, I see myself progressing to a leadership role, either as a project manager or chief mining engineer. To achieve this, I recognize the importance of gaining a comprehensive understanding of all the departments in the mine. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Mining is a fast-evolving field that requires you to deal with challenges in both outdoor and technical areas. Career paths range from engineering and geology to environmental management and technological innovation. To succeed in this field requires a strong focus on problem-solving, safety and sustainability. Richard Otoo First year, Ph.D. in Mineral Engineering with special focus in Geotechnical Engineering How has your time at NMT contributed to your personal growth? NMT is widely known for its specialized focus on STEM programs with great research opportunities in mining. The academic environment with small class sizes encourage strong interactions between students and professors, and this environment has profoundly challenged me to work with professors from other departments to fill my research gaps. One area I cannot overemphasize is the tremendous improvement in my time management skills. I mostly have streams of activities running on campus, from academic to social events. To balance these, I have learnt the art of developing a well-regimented lifestyle as a student. This has helped me minimize distractions, and I am able to prioritize my tasks efficiently. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? My current academic project, which focuses on tailings dewatering, will guide my future work in advancing dam safety. The knowledge is directly transferable to the mining industry and related fields like civil engineering. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Mining is a highly relevant profession in our world today, and the industry is constantly evolving. With innovations in technology and safety, continuous learning is vital. Take advantage of your time in college and seek an internship with a mining company. Be curious and probing, be adventurous, and be open to new ideas. Vanessa Salinas M.S. in Mineral Engineering with specialization in Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering, December 2022 Where are you working now; what is your role? After graduating, I started working for Freeport-McMoRan at the Morenci Mine in Arizona as a geomechanical engineer. So far, I have worked as a blasting monitoring and projects engineer, handling daily duties related to blast monitoring, blasting analysis, design review, structural exploration planning, rockfall analysis, stockpile management and other projects focused on slope stability. More recently, I transitioned into a new role, where I oversee active slope monitoring using radars, supporting the mine’s 24/7 coverage. How has your time at NMT contributed to your personal growth? At NMT, I not only developed academic skills but also grew significantly as a person. I learned the importance of being more organized, patient and proactive in planning ahead, which helped me manage my responsibilities. NMT offered a supportive community where I found amazing friends who made my experience truly unique. The professors were not only knowledgeable but also genuinely cared about both my academic progress and personal well-being. It was a place where I felt supported, and that really helped me become more confident and ready to take on new challenges. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? The knowledge I gained at NMT provided me with a solid understanding of the geomechanical processes I now encounter in my job every day, and the science behind them. While some things come with experience, having the knowledge and the understanding of how things work helps a lot in making the right decisions. I have no doubt that I received the best education at NMT, which gives me confidence when facing day-to-day challenges in the mine and is the reason I chose NMT again for a master of engineering management, which I started this fall. I see myself in leadership positions in the future, and that is why I decided to pursue a master’s in management. I will continue working hard, learning and taking full advantage of the opportunities this industry has to offer. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Get involved with the SME Club and other mining clubs at your school, start taking basic mining classes, and attend events like the SME annual conference, MINExpo and RETC to network and become more familiar with the industry. Try to get an internship to try it first-hand. You would be amazed by all the possible paths you can take with a career in mining. The mining industry is highly dynamic, every day comes with a new challenge, and you can be part of the select group of people that help shape the future of this industry that supplies the raw materials essential to modern life. Peter Lyons Senior, bachelor’s degree in mineral engineering How has your time at NMT contributed to your personal growth? NMT has valuably contributed to my personal growth as an engineer and given me confidence in my knowledge. The classes are compelling and challenging, and my professors, especially those in the mining engineering department, have encouraged and guided me. I have always enjoyed the opportunity to dive into a new subject and learn it as fully as possible, and NMT has helped me to do that. All of the classes have small student-to-faculty ratios, contributing to students being able to meet with their professors outside of class and ask them questions. These relationships with my professors have not only helped me grow in the knowledge of my discipline but have given me a love of mining engineering and made me excited to start my career. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? I plan to use the knowledge I have gained here as the base from which to grow into my new position. I expect to learn a lot on the job, but I will have a common language and a deeper understanding to connect with others and quickly learn as I start my career. Often, our classes at NMT challenge us to think through a complex problem from the ground up and keep the details straight. These skills will serve me well in tackling the complex issues that arise in the mining field. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? More broadly to all engineers, don’t underestimate the power of writing. Good writing is so important and needed in engineering disciplines. Writing well means communicating clearly about the complex questions you encounter in your career. For students considering mining engineering, know that mining is a stable industry and provides many unique avenues for growth and learning. Whatever your interests and strengths, you are sure to find a role that suits you well within the mining industry. University of Nevada Reno The University of Nevada, Reno’s (UNR) deep connection to mining is no coincidence, given its proximity to Virginia City, the birthplace of the Comstock Lode. For 150 years, mining has been an integral part of the university’s identity, carrying forward the legacy of John Mackay. The Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering has been central to both the university’s success and the development of Nevada, a state whose history and people are intricately linked to mining. Today, Nevada stands as the fifth-largest gold producer in the world, but its contributions to the nation’s sustainable future are growing. The state is home to seven of the largest lithium deposits in the United States, including the world’s largest, located just a few hours north of the university. This positions Nevada, and the Mackay School, at the forefront of a new era in mining — one that could see the state transition from its gold and silver-rich past to a lithium-powered future. In addition, Mountain Pass Mine, the only operating rare earth mine in the United States, is located just 53 miles from Las Vegas. This site plays a critical role in producing the minerals essential for the clean energy revolution. Hence, Mackay School remains a vital hub for students and professionals seeking to advance their careers while contributing to the nation’s shift toward sustainable resource development. Q&A with Javad Sattarv and, Chair of the Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Mackay School of Earth Sciences and Engineering What are the mining-related degree programs offered by the University of Nevada, Reno, and what are some of the subdisciplines? The Mackay School offers a diverse range of programs related to Earth sciences and engineering, including mining engineering (B.S., M.S., minor) (ABET accredited), metallurgical engineering (B.S., M.S., minor), geological engineering (B.S., M.S.) (ABET accredited), geological sciences (B.S./M.S. accelerated program, minor), mineral resource engineering (Ph.D.), hydrology (M.S., Ph.D.), climate change (minor), geographic information systems (GIS) and sciences (certificate), geography (B.A., B.S., M.S., Ph.D., minor), geology (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.), geophysics (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.) and hydrogeology (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.). These programs provide interdisciplinary training in areas crucial to environmental sustainability, mineral resource management, and engineering. What are the strengths of the UNR programs? The UNR’s Earth sciences and engineering programs are distinguished by their strong historical foundation, diverse specializations, and industry relevance. Rooted in Nevada’s rich mining history through the Mackay School, the programs benefit from the state’s global significance in silver, gold and lithium production. This provides students with unique access to fieldwork and career opportunities in mining and resource management. As an R1 institution, cutting-edge research in sustainable resource extraction and climate change, along with partnerships with industry leaders such as Nevada Gold Mines and Kinross, ensures students gain hands-on experience and strong job prospects. The university’s commitment to sustainability is evident in its focus on critical minerals for clean energy, aligning graduates with the growing demand for environmentally conscious professionals. Which industries do your graduates find careers in, and what are the career prospects? In the past few years, 100 percent of the students who graduated with a degree from the Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering received a job in the industry within six months. Graduates are employed mainly in gold mining companies, recycling, construction, software, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), environmental services and government sectors. What are the current areas of research? Mining automation, including projects such as discrete event simulation platform for safety scrutiny of autonomous mining systems, capacity building in artificially intelligent mining systems for safer and healthier automated operations, smart underground mine evacuation technologies and human factors, tension crack analysis system using UAVs and image processing, early-warning system for real-time safety intervention and optimum ventilation control assistance. Advanced process metallurgy, focusing on advancing mineral processing techniques for rare earth minerals, space mining, and sustainable practices. Efforts include optimizing flotation for rare earth extraction, exploring space mining feasibility through innovative equipment and robotics, and utilizing virtual reality to simulate froth flotation processes for education and training. Hydrometallurgical research aims to enhance lithium extraction from claystone while reducing waste, contributing to the growing demand for clean energy resources. Carbon dioxide sequestration research seeks to improve the sustainability of critical mineral processing, helping to mitigate climate change and promote greener mining practices. Life-cycle analysis and sustainability, addressing environmental challenges of coal combustion, using native plants for phytoremediation, and industrial grants from companies like Lithium Americas and Schlumberger to enhance the understanding of environmental impacts in critical minerals mining.The Energy Resource Governance Initiative (ERGI) Academy, sponsored by the Department of State and the Commonwealth of Australia, is a premier educational initiative designed to advance mining and metallurgical engineering knowledge among international delegates from allied nations involved in the critical minerals supply chain. The academy offers state-of-the-art education and training, emphasizing both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Through specialized courses developed in collaboration with leading industry experts, ERGI Academy provides hands-on experience and insights into the latest technologies and best practices. This initiative aims to enhance global partnerships and ensure a robust and sustainable critical minerals supply chain. The department has recently invested over half a million dollars to upgrade its mineral processing laboratory. These enhancements include the installation of cutting-edge equipment that significantly boosts both research and educational capabilities. Notable upgrades feature advanced instrumentation and technology designed to support pioneering research and offer students hands-on experience with the latest tools in the field. Additionally, the department has launched a unique mining automation laboratory, which boasts an array of sophisticated resources such as two mining equipment simulators, a fleet of drones, remote sensing sensors, robotic arms, virtual-reality setups and an omnidirectional treadmill. These infrastructures position the department at the forefront of mining technology and provide students with unparalleled learning opportunities. What are the future technology trends? Over the next five years, the department will introduce online degree programs in metallurgy and mining engineering. These online options are designed to provide greater flexibility and accessibility, catering to Nevada’s rural communities and professionals — such as miners, metallurgists and engineers — across the globe. By expanding its reach, the department aims to open new career opportunities and enhance educational access. Founded in 1908, the Mackay School has maintained a longstanding tradition of excellence in the field, and this new initiative will further its commitment to innovation and global engagement. What advice would you give to students to get the most out of their time at UNR? Students are strongly encouraged to apply for internships within the mining industry, with paid opportunities available starting at the end of their first year of study. Additionally, they should take full advantage of the numerous scholarships offered annually by the school for mining and metallurgical engineering students. Engaging with active student clubs — such as the John Mackay SME Student Chapter, the International Explosive Engineering Society, the Women in Mining Club, the Muckers Club and the Mine Design Competition provides valuable hands-on experience in mine design, feasibility studies, resource modeling, and environmental aspects of mining. Participation in these clubs and research projects, many of which offer paid opportunities, can significantly enhance your practical skills and professional network. Moreover, attending local and national SME events (expenses are usually covered through clubs) will help you build connections and expand your career opportunities. Alexia Carver Third year, metallurgical engineering undergraduate How has your time at UNR contributed to your personal growth? It’s hard to describe how I have changed since becoming a student at the UNR. I started as a pre-schooler at the daycare on campus! However, joining the Mackay School exposed me to a whole new realm of possibilities and challenges. I had never considered myself engineer material in high school and despite my familial ties to northern Nevada’s mining industry, metallurgy was never even on my radar. Although I began my college career as a biology major, my time working as a researcher in the Earth Sciences at UNR have allowed me to travel the United States presenting research at national conferences for the Department of Energy, provided access to countless professional organizations and allowed me to serve my north Reno community through student outreach and higher education recruitment, all of which have shaped me into the active and curious person I am today. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? Hopefully, getting a job! Jokes aside, I believe that the engineering skills I continue to learn at UNR are only part of the equation — the soft skills and project management experience I’ve gained over the last two years have been invaluable to my success as a student, recruiter and researcher. Further, the connections and relationships that UNR has afforded me will follow me for a lifetime, no matter which path I take after graduation. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? Mining is so cool, we named two whole ages after it — three if you count aggregates — and it continues to get more efficient, more optimal and with higher stakes. For those who like a challenge, who see a problem and want to know not just how to solve it, but how it ticks and jives, mining and mineral processing are the new age of exploration. Our industry is the not-so-secret backbone of global society, and is a major player in the most pressing issues for the human race, from climate change to agriculture (langbeinite, look it up) to education to energy. For those students who have never considered mining (much less college), take that leap of faith and invest in yourself, your learning and the future of the world around you — and I ask, what better place to do it than with UNR? Natalie Rubio Senior, degree in mining engineering How has your time at UNR contributed to your personal growth? My time at UNR has been transformative, not just academically but personally as well. Navigating the challenges of a rigorous academic program has strengthened my resilience and taught me invaluable time management skills. Beyond that, being part of a diverse community has expanded my worldview and improved my ability to collaborate with people from different backgrounds. I have been involved in many clubs throughout UNR, and each one has taught me different leadership strengths and has shown me so many opportunities with networking and traveling all over the world. Overall, the experience has equipped me with both the confidence and adaptability to succeed in any environment. In what way are you using what you learned, and what do you see for the future? I view what I’ve learned as a foundation that will evolve with me as I take on new challenges in the future. The skills and knowledge I’ve gained aren’t just for immediate use; they’re adaptable, and I can see myself applying them in unexpected situations, whether in problem-solving, innovation or collaborating with others. It is less about specific tools and more about how I now approach and think through complex issues. What advice would you give to a student considering a career in mining? My best piece of advice for a student considering mining is to have an open mind. There are so many choices that you have within the mining industry, and it can take you anywhere. I highly recommend networking with anyone and everyone you can. The mining industry is small but it is so important to get to know everyone around you that have the same interests as you. The small connections you make can have a big impact.

The future lies in mining…Want to be a force for change? Be a mining engineer.

Authored by: Chee Theng

To view the past issues of the UCA magazine you must be a member of SME/UCA.

Mining Engineering’s Weekly Rundown: Episode 73

Get your SME Foundation VIP Access Conference Pass to MINEXCHANGE 2027

“Check the box” and help support the SME Foundation

Mining Engineering’s Weekly Rundown: Episode 73

Get your SME Foundation VIP Access Conference Pass to MINEXCHANGE 2027

“Check the box” and help support the SME Foundation

To view the past issues of the UCA magazine you must be a member of SME/UCA.

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