Sierra Gorda SCM is a joint venture partnership of KGHM International (owned by KGHM SA, Poland), Sumitomo Metal Mining and Sumitomo Corp. (Japan) operating in northern Chile. The Sierra Gorda openpit mine and copper-molybdenum processing plant will become one of the largest mines in the world. The need for optimum production efficiency and sustainability has driven the creation of the most modern, well-instrumented mine in Chile. This article contains a general review of the project including geology and history.